Biology Notes: Grade 12

Organic Chemistry Classification study of simple/ semisynthetic/complex C- intricates petroleum products and by-products: ingrained puppet/vegetable, inorganic mineral (produced chemicals but now they are synthesized without having to extract, in any compositors case carbonate & antiophthalmic factor; cyanide compounds) 6 common organic compounds in order of abundance from least to most: S, P, N, O, C, H Bergelius Vital supposition: forces produce compounds in living things tho Vohler, German scientist: 1824, produced oxalic demigod COOH COOH & 1828 produced urea other scientists began to synthetically produce acetic acid, benzene lab Covalent coheres Catenation: C atoms coupled together in chain or fence in/cyclo London forces b/w organic molecules Isomers: one molecular(a) figure could play more than one organic compound Chemical properties determined by the available groups ____________________________________________ Hydrocarbons Non-polar, hydrophobic most C t ie downs covalently with H Branched, unbranched, rings, shapes, 1x/2x/3x bonds Aliphatic: open chain, alkane C-C, olefin C=C, alkyne, cyclo, frosting/eth/prop/but/pent/ expletive/hept/non/dec Aromatic: benzene ring, mother aroma (scent) ie.

benzine C6H6, see Kekule Hydrocarbons below C-H bonds consistent distance with C-H bonds of hydrocarbons (C-C > C-_-_-C bond length All C-C have resembling length/reactivity = geomorphological formula written as I/II/ third plangency Formula ____________________________________________ Polar soluble in water, hydrophilic (alkanes/parafines) CO: diatomic (2 atoms of sam e/different elements) single H (HCl), OH (C2! H5OH), O (OCl), N (NF3) alcohol (hydroxyl), aldehyde/ketone (carbonyl), carboxylic acid (carboxyl), amine (amino) Non-Polar water-insoluble in water, hydrophobic (alkenes/ynes) all elements Cl2 most C compounds: oil, CO2, CH4 ____________________________________________ everlasting(a) Hydrocarbons single C-C bonds, alkanes/parafines Max # of H atoms Fats Substitution reaction unsaturated Hydrocarbons Double C=C or triples bonds, alkenes, alkynes, non-polar Oils, Teflon, Plexiglass (contacts), synthetical rubber (Cl radical), innate Rubber (methyl radical), tire rubber, (black since C-S not C-H monomers, tonus since Sulphur burns) Addition reaction Polyunsaturated 1+ 2x bond Polymers Chain molecules of like monomer units (held by Van der Waals Forces) Polysaccharides, plastics Monomers... These notes are really thorough and parcel out many topics in Biology, the just thing I would bes peak is a little advance organization but general very good! If you loss to get a plentiful essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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